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N. Bartolini, T. Calamoneri, T. La Porta, C. Petrioli, S. Silvestri
Abstract
In order to prolong the lifetime of a wireless sensor network (WSN) devoted to monitoring an area of interest, a useful means is to exploit network redundancy activating only the sensors that are strictly necessary for coverage and making them work with the minimum necessary sensing radius. We introduce the first algorithm which reduces coverage redundancy by means of Sensor Activation and sensing Radius Adaptation (SARA) in a general applicative scenario with two classes of devices: sensors that can adapt their sensing range (adjustable sensors) and sensors that cannot (fixed sensors). In particular, SARA activates only a subset of all the available sensors and reduces the sensing range of the adjustable sensors that have been activated. In doing so, SARA also takes account of possible heterogeneous coverage capabilities of sensors belonging to the same class. It specifically addresses device heterogeneity by modeling the coverage problem in the Laguerre geometry through Voronoi-Laguerre diagrams. SARA executes quickly with guaranteed termination, producing a very efficient network configuration. By means of extensive simulations we show that SARA obtains impressive improvements with respect to previous solutions, ensuring wider coverage with longer network lifetime in all the considered scenarios.
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